Signal Processing Algorithm of Space Time Coded Waveforms for Coherent MIMO Radar : Overview on Target Localization

Space-time coding (STC) has been shown to play a key role in the design of MIMO radars with closely spaced antennas. Multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radar is emerging technology for target detection, parameter identification, and target classification due to diversity of waveform and perspective. First, it turns out that a joint waveform optimization problem can be decoupled into a set of individual waveform design problems. Second, a number of mono-static waveforms can be directly used in a MIMO radar system, which offers flexibility in waveform selection. We provide conditions for the elimination of waveform cross correlation. However, the mutual interference among the waveforms may lead to performance degradation in resolving spatially close returns. We consider the use of space–time coding (STC) to mitigate the waveform cross-correlation effects in MIMO radar. In addition, we also extend the model to partial waveform cross-correlation removal based on waveform set division. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of STC in MIMO radar for waveform de-correlation. This paper introduces the signal processing issued for the coherent MIMO radar without and with STC waveforms and also studied signal processing algorithms of coherent MIMO radar with STC waveforms for improvement of target detection and recognition performance for real life scenario.